Schwannoma of the seminal vesicle: Case report and review of the literature.

Seminal vesicles can be affected by tumours originating in other locations. However, primary tumours of the seminal vesicle are extremely rare, with less than 100 cases reported in literature. Seminal vesicle adenocarcinoma is the most common type, but there are also other malign lesions. Diagnosis is challenging due to the lack of early symptoms and well-defined criteria. These tumours are usually asymptomatic and discovered incidentally during imaging tests or pelvic surgery. Definitive diagnosis requires anatomopathological analysis. Case report of 58-years-old man with schwannoma of the seminal vesicle. We describe the main characteristics of these tumours as well as their therapeutic approach.

Ganglioneuroblastoma cervical gigante como causa de trastornos del sueño en niños / Giant cervical ganglioneuroblastoma as a cause of sleep disorders in children

El ganglioneuroblastoma es un tumor derivado de los neuroblastos, generalmente originado a partir de estructuras simpáticas, típicamente localizado en la glándula suprarrenal. En este artículo presentamos un caso excepcional de una paciente de 6 años con un ganglioneuroblastoma cervical que desarrolló trastornos del sueño derivados de la compresión de la vía aérea desde su primer año de vida. (AU)

Ganglioneuroblastoma is a tumor derived from neuroblasts, generally related to sympathetic structures, which is usually located in the adrenal gland. In this article, we present a rare case of a patient with cervical ganglioneuroblastoma, who developed sleep disorders since the first year of life due to compression of the airway. (AU)

RNA SARS-CoV-2 Persistence in the Lung of Severe COVID-19 Patients: A Case Series of Autopsies.

The exact role of viral replication in patients with severe COVID-19 has not been extensively studied, and it has only been possible to demonstrate the presence of replicative virus for more than 3 months in a few cases using different techniques. Our objective was to study the presence of RNA SARS-CoV-2 in autopsy samples of patients who died from COVID-19 long after the onset of symptoms. Secondary superimposed pulmonary infections present in these patients were also studied. We present an autopsy series of 27 COVID-19 patients with long disease duration, where pulmonary and extrapulmonary samples were obtained. In addition to histopathological analysis, viral genomic RNA (gRNA) and viral subgenomic RNA (sgRNA) were detected using RT-PCR and in situ hybridization, and viral protein was detected using immunohistochemistry. This series includes 26 adults with a median duration of 39 days from onset of symptoms to death (ranging 9-108 days), 92% of them subjected to immunomodulatory therapy, and an infant patient. We detected gRNA in the lung of all but one patient, including those with longer disease duration. SgRNA was detected in 11 out of 17 patients (64.7%) with illness duration up to 6 weeks and in 3 out of 9 patients (33.3%) with more than 6 weeks of disease progression. Viral protein was detected using immunohistochemistry and viral mRNA was detected using in situ hybridization in 3 out of 4 adult patients with illness duration of <2 weeks, but in none of the 23 adult patients with an illness duration of >2 weeks. A remarkable result was the detection of viral protein, gRNA and sgRNA in the lung cells of the pediatric patient after 95 days of illness. Additional pulmonary infections included: 9 acute bronchopneumonia, 2 aspergillosis, 2 cytomegalovirus, and 1 BK virus infection. These results suggest that in severe COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2 could persist for longer periods than expected, especially in immunocompromised populations, contributing to the persistence of chronic lung lesions. Additional infections contribute to the fatal course of the disease.

The Effects of Early Onset Tranquilizers, Sedatives, and Sleeping Pills Use on Recent Consumption Among Adolescents.

BACKGROUND: Adolescents' consumption of tranquilizers, sedatives, and sleeping pills (TSSp) has increased during the last few decades, and TSSp are currently among the substances with the lowest age-of-onset. We characterized current-use patterns of TSSp consumers by age when first taken. METHODS: This study used individualized secondary data retrieved from the 2016 Spanish State Survey on Drug Use in Secondary Education (16-18-year-olds), and included all subjects who reported having taken TSSp at any point, but excluded those who had started during the previous year (n = 1502). Logistic regression models were used to obtain adjusted odds ratios (aOR) for associations between early TSSp consumption (<14 years) and current TSSp use patterns, adjusted for sociodemographic factors. RESULTS: About 17.9% of respondents had taken TSSp (average age-of-onset = 13.7) and 45% of these without a prescription. TSSp consumption at <14 years was higher for males and nonrepeaters. Having begun to use TSSp < 14 years was associated with both higher probability of consumption in the last month (aOR = 1.41; 95%CI:1.12-1.77) and daily/almost daily consumption in the last month (aOR = 1.56; 95CI%:1.16-2.08). CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study show there is a high proportion of 16 to 18 TSSp student consumers - both prescribed and nonprescribed; it also establishes that early onset-of-use is associated with higher levels of intensive use later on.

Community-based screening of Chagas disease among Latin American migrants in a non-endemic country: an observational study.

BACKGROUND: Chagas disease is a parasitic disease endemic to Latin America, but it has become a disease of global concern due to migration flows. Asymptomatic carriers may host the parasite for years, without knowing they are infected. The aim of this study is to assess prevalence of Chagas disease and evaluate the participants' level of knowledge between Latin American migrants attending a community-based screening campaign. METHODS: Three community-based campaigns were performed in Alicante (Spain) in 2016, 2017 and 2018, including educational chats and blood tests for Trypanosoma cruzi serology. Participants completed a questionnaire assessing knowledge about the mechanisms of transmission, disease presentation, diagnosis, and treatment. People seropositive for T. cruzi underwent diagnostic confirmation by two different tests. Results were analyzed by multivariable logistic regression and expressed as adjusted odds ratios (aORs), adjusting for age, sex, and time in Spain. RESULTS: A total of 596 participants were included in the study; 17% were aged under 18 years. Prevalence in adults was 11% [54/496; 95% confidence interval (CI): 8.3-14.5%] versus 0% among children. All but one case were in Bolivians. Diagnosis was independently associated with having been born in Bolivia (aOR: 102, 95% CI: 13-781) and a primary school-level education (aOR: 2.40, 95% CI: 1.14-5.06). Of 54 people diagnosed with Chagas disease (most of whom were asymptomatic), 42 (77.7%) returned to the clinic at least once, and 24 (44.4%) received treatment. Multivariable analysis showed that coming from Argentina (aOR: 13, 95% CI: 1.61-1188) or Bolivia (aOR: 1.90, 95% CI: 1.19-3.39) and having received information about Chagas disease in Spain (aOR: 4.63, 95% CI: 2.54-8.97) were associated with a good level of knowledge on the disease. Having primary level studies (aOR: 0.59, 95% CI: 0.34-0.98) and coming from Ecuador (aOR: 4.63, 95% CI: 2.52-847) were independently associated with a lower level of knowledge. CONCLUSIONS: Community-based interventions are a good strategy for diagnosing neglected diseases such as Chagas disease in non-endemic countries and for identifying and treating infected, asymptomatic individuals.

T2 magnetic resonance for the diagnosis of deep-seated invasive candidiasis in a liver recipient without candidemia.

BACKGROUND: T2 magnetic resonance imaging (T2MR) is a new method for the diagnosis of invasive candidiasis, although most studies have analyzed its role in patients with candidemia or not infection. CASE REPORT: We present the case of a patient with arteritis and thrombosis of the hepatic graft resulted from an undocumented fungal infection in the explanted liver.T2MR in serum was a suitable diagnostic tool for the diagnosis of the deep-seated invasive candidiasis in the absence of candidemia or the isolation of the yeast in culture. CONCLUSIONS: T2MR allowed the diagnosis of deep-seated invasive candidiasis in an immunodepressed patient without candidemia, even before the onset of symptoms.

T2 magnetic resonance for the diagnosis of deep-seated invasive candidiasis in a liver recipient without candidemia / Resonancia magnética T2 para el diagnóstico de candidiasis invasora profunda en un receptor de hígado sin candidemia

Background: T2 magnetic resonance imaging (T2MR) is a new method for the diagnosis of invasive candidiasis, although most studies have analyzed its role in patients with candidemia or not infection. Case report: We present the case of a patient with arteritis and thrombosis of the hepatic graft resulted from an undocumented fungal infection in the explanted liver.T2MR in serum was a suitable diagnostic tool for the diagnosis of the deep-seated invasive candidiasis in the absence of candidemia or the isolation of the yeast in culture. Conclusions: T2MR allowed the diagnosis of deep-seated invasive candidiasis in an immunodepressed patient without candidemia, even before the onset of symptoms

Antecedentes: La técnica T2 de visualización en resonancia magnética (T2MR, por su abreviatura en inglés) es un método nuevo de diagnóstico de candidiasis invasora, si bien la mayoría de los estudios la ha validado en casos de candidemia o cuando no hay infección. Caso clínico: Se presenta el caso de una paciente con arteritis y trombosis de la arteria hepática en el injerto secundarias a una infección profunda por Candida en el hígado explantado. La positividad de la técnica T2MR en suero constituyó la única evidencia de infección profunda por Candida en ausencia de candidemia o existencia de la levadura en cultivo. Conclusiones: La técnica T2MR permitió el diagnóstico de una infección profunda por Candida en una paciente inmunodeprimida en una fase muy precoz de la enfermedad

Vasculitis asociada a anticuerpo anticitoplasma de neutrófilo en paciente con enfermedad de Crohn en tratamiento con adalimumab / Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies associated vasculitis in patient with Crohn's disease treated with adalimumab

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HIF-1α induction during reperfusion avoids maladaptive repair after renal ischemia/reperfusion involving miR127-3p.

Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) leads to Acute Kidney Injury. HIF-1α is a key factor during organ response to I/R. We previously demonstrated that HIF-1α is induced during renal reperfusion, after ischemia. Here we investigate the role of HIF-1α and the HIF-1α dependent mechanisms in renal repair after ischemia. By interference of HIF-1α in a rat model of renal I/R, we observed loss of expression and mis-localization of e-cadherin and induction of α-SMA, MMP-13, TGFß, and collagen I. Moreover, we demonstrate that HIF-1α inhibition promotes renal cell infiltrates by inducing IL-1ß, TNF-α, MCP-1 and VCAM-1, through NFkB activity. In addition, HIF-1α inhibition induced proximal tubule cells proliferation but it did not induce compensatory apoptosis, both in vivo. In vitro, HIF-1α knockdown in HK2 cells subjected to hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) promote cell entry into S phase, correlating with in vivo data. HIF-1α interference leads to downregulation of miR-127-3p and induction of its target gene Bcl6 in vivo. Moreover, modulation of miR-127-3p in HK2 cells subjected to H/R results in EMT regulation: miR127-3p inhibition promote loss of e-cadherin and induction of α-SMA and collagen I. In conclusion, HIF-1α induction during reperfusion is a protector mechanism implicated in a normal renal tissue repair after I/R.

New fabrication method using additive manufacturing technologies for the pattern of pressed lithium disilicate onlay restorations / Novo método de fabricação, usando tecnologia aditiva, do padrão de restaurações do tipo onlay em dissilicato de lítio injetado

The digital workflow in dentistry allows for complete digital processing of the restoration starting with the digital impression using an intraoral scanner to until the fabrication of final reconstruction. Recent advances in 3D printing technologies opened new possibilities also for dental technicians through which wax-up and casting procedures in the laboratories could be eliminated. In this clinical report, a technique is described where the pattern was fabricated using additive manufacturing for pressed lithium disilicate onlay restorations. (AU)

O fluxo de trabalho digital em odontologia permite o processamento digital completo da restauração começando com a impressão digital usando um scanner intraoral até a fabricação da peça final. Os avanços recentes nas tecnologias de impressão 3D abriram novas possibilidades também para os técnicos em prótese dentária através dos quais os procedimentos de cera e fundição nos laboratórios poderiam ser eliminados. Neste relato de caso clínico, descreve-se uma técnica onde o padrão foi fabricado usando a fabricação de aditivos para restaurações do tipo onlay em dissilicato de lítio injetadas. (AU)

Remisión completa de síndrome nefrótico en mujer con amiloidosis renal por fiebre mediterránea familiar / Complete remission of nephrotic syndrome in a woman with renal amyloidosis due to familial mediterranean fever

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Asociación de nefropatía por cambios mínimos y policitemia en un paciente muy anciano / Association of minimal-change disease and polycythaemia in a very elderly patient

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